A brain computer interface (BCI) is an instrument that allows people with motor or cognitive disabilities to operate computers or other devices. BCIs translate brain signals using a variety, recording techniques, signal-processing algorithm and machine learning. They can operate a wide range of devices, from cursors on computer screens to robotic arms and wheelchairs.
Most BCIs measure activity from the scalp, such as electroencephalographic (EEG) or functional near-infrared imaging (fNIRS) signaling. The signals are captured by a sensor that detects neuronal activity. Software converts them into operating commands.
In a lot of BCI systems, the user has to undergo an iterative learning process to master the ability to produce signals that can be recognized by the system. For instance in a BCI that is specifically designed to type letters, the user is required to imagine moving their left or right hand.
The most exciting BCI advancements involve implantable https://hive-eu.org/exploring-noninvasive-brain-stimulation-methods or surgical systems that record directly from neural tissue instead of the scalp. These devices are more precise than non-invasive BCIs but require surgery, and are not without risk.
BCIs that are infected are still being developed and patients should be aware of the risks and benefits. Privacy and data security are also major issues, because BCIs read neural signals that could be containing sensitive information regarding health or behavior. Some people are opposed to BCIs because they fear that hackers might hack their minds and influence them.